33 Pages NOTES – CIVICS FORM THREE: ORDINARY LEVEL (O-LEVEL), SECONDARY SCHOOL – TANZANIA

Civics Form III – Tanzania | Table of Contents
Chapter 1. PROMOTION OF LIFE SKILLS ……………………………………………….. 4
1.1. Meaning of life skills …………………………………………………………………………………………………..4
1.2. Leadership ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..4
1.2.1. Roles of a leader ………………………………………………………………………………………………….4
1.2.2. Types of leadership ……………………………………………………………………………………………..4
1.3. Good leadership ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..5
1.3.1. A vision of effectiveness should alleged …………………………………………………………………5
1.3.2. The Behaviour Of A Good Leadership …………………………………………………………………….5
1.4. Importance of Good Leadership ………………………………………………………………………………….6
1.5. Team Work ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6
1.5.1. Effective team work …………………………………………………………………………………………….6
1.5.2. Team Roles …………………………………………………………………………………………………………6
1.5.3. How To Make A Team Work Effective …………………………………………………………………….7
1.5.4. Importance of team work……………………………………………………………………………………..7
1.6. Positive Relations ………………………………………………………………………………………………………8
1.6.1. Importance of positive relationships………………………………………………………………………8
1.7. Self worth and confidence ………………………………………………………………………………………….9
1.7.1. Indicators of confidence ……………………………………………………………………………………….9
1.7.2. Difference between self confidence and non confidence …………………………………………9
1.7.3. Importance of self worth and confidence ……………………………………………………………. 10
Chapter 2. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT …………………………….. 11
2.1. Definition of concepts …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 11
2.1.1. Types of development ………………………………………………………………………………………. 11
2.1.2. Levels of development ……………………………………………………………………………………… 11
2.2. Indicator of Economic And Social Development …………………………………………………………. 12
2.2.1. Per capita income …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12
2.2.2. Life expectance ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12
2.2.3. Daily food supply ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 12
2.2.4. Mortality rate ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 13
2.2.5. Crude death rates …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 13
2.2.6. Literacy rate …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 13
2.2.7. Energy consumption …………………………………………………………………………………………. 13
2.2.8. Other indicators of economic and social development …………………………………………. 13
2.3. The Factors For Economic And Social Development …………………………………………………… 13
2.4. Financial Institution and Economic Development ………………………………………………………. 15
2.5. Financial Institutions ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 15
2.6. Banks ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 16
2.7. Typses of Banks ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16
2.8. The Bank Of Tanzania ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 16
2.8.1. Functions of the central bank of Tanzania …………………………………………………………… 16
2.8.2. The contribution of the central bank of Tanzania in the economic development …….. 17
2.8.3. EPA (External Payment Accounts) ………………………………………………………………………. 17
2.9. Commercial Bank …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17
2.10. Non Banks Financial Institution………………………………………………………………………………. 18
2.10.1. The general functions of the non banks financial institutions ………………………………. 18
2.11. The insurance companies………………………………………………………………………………………. 18
2.11.1. Functions of the insurance companies………………………………………………………………. 18
2.12. Social Security Institution ………………………………………………………………………………………. 19
2.12.1. functions of the social security organizations …………………………………………………….. 19
2.13. Co-Operative Societies ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 19
2.13.1. Functions of Co-Operative Societies …………………………………………………………………. 19
2.14. The Roles of The Government In Development ………………………………………………………… 19
2.15. The Role of Private Sector In Economic Development ………………………………………………. 20
2.15.1. Importance of Private Formal Sector In Economic Development………………………….. 20
2.15.2. Importance Of The In-Formal Private Sector In Economic Development ………………… 21
2.15.3. Problems Facing The In-Formal Sector In Tanzania …………………………………………….. 21
2.15.4. Ways To Improve Informal Private Sector …………………………………………………………. 22
2.16. Social Development And Social Activities ………………………………………………………………… 22
2.16.1. Different social services provided in Tanzania. …………………………………………………… 22
2.16.2. Aspects Of Social Development ……………………………………………………………………….. 22
2.16.3. Role Of The Government In The Provision Of Social Services ……………………………….. 23
2.16.4. The effectiveness of the government in its provision of social services …………………. 24
2.17. Role of The Private Sector In The Provision Of Social Services ……………………………………. 25
2.18. The Effectiveness Of Private Sector In The Provision Of Social Service …………………………. 25
2.19. Challenges Facing The Provision Of Social Services In Tanzania ………………………………….. 25
2.20. Solutions To The Challenges Facing The Provisional Of Social Services In Tanzania ……….. 25
Chapter 3. POVERTY ……………………………………………………………………….. 27
3.1. Definition of Poverty ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27
3.2. Levels of Poverty ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27
3.2.1. Individual (personnel) poverty …………………………………………………………………………… 27
3.2.2. National poverty ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27
3.3. Types of Poverty …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 27
3.3.1. Absolute poverty ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 27
3.3.2. Relative poverty……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 27
3.4. Indicators of Poverty ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27
3.5. Causes of Poverty In Tanzania………………………………………………………………………………….. 28
3.6. Effects Of Poverty In Tanzania …………………………………………………………………………………. 29
3.7. Strategies of Poverty Alleviation In Tanzania……………………………………………………………… 29
3.7.1. Focal Point ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 30
3.7.2. Transformation Approach …………………………………………………………………………………. 30
3.7.3. Improvement Approach ……………………………………………………………………………………. 30
3.7.4. Frontal Approach ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 31
3.8. Effectiveness of Strategies of Poverty Alleviation In Tanzania ………………………………………. 32

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