40 Pages NOTES – CIVICS FORM ONE: Ordinary Level (O-level), Secondary School – Tanzania

Table of Contents
Chapter 1. OUR NATION …………………………………………………………………………………5
1.1. Components of Our Nation ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5
1.1.1. A country ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5
1.1.2. Sovereignty ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5
1.1.3. Government ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5
1.1.4. People ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6
1.1.5. Language…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
1.1.6. Culture ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
1.1.7. History ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
Chapter 2. NATIONAL SYMBOLS ………………………………………………………………………7
2.1. The National Anthem ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7
2.1.1. Importance of National Anthem ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7
2.1.2. The National Anthem of Tanzania ………………………………………………………………………………………… 7
2.2. The National Flag……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7
2.2.1. Importance of National flag ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8
2.3. The Coat of Arm/National Emblem …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8
2.3.1. Components of Coat of Arms ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8
2.3.2. Importance of Coat of Arm …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8
2.4. The Uhuru Torch ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9
2.4.1. Significance of the Uhuru Torch. …………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
2.5. National Constitution ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9
2.5.1. Importance of National Constitution ……………………………………………………………………………………. 9
2.6. National Currency ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10
2.6.1. Importance of national currency ………………………………………………………………………………………… 10
2.7. The National Language ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10
2.8. National Festival Days In Tanzania ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 10
2.8.1. National Days…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10
2.8.2. Significance Of National Festival And Public Holidays …………………………………………………………… 11
Chapter 3. INTRODUCTION TO CIVICS …………………………………………………………….. 12
3.1. Meaning of Civics …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12
3.2. Civics Study ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 12
3.3. Importance of Studying Civics ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12
3.3.1. Exercise …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12
Chapter 4. LIFE SKILLS………………………………………………………………………………….. 13
4.1. Definition of Key Concepts ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 13
4.2. Types of Life Skills…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13
4.2.1. Individual Life Skills…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13
4.2.2. Social Skills ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 14
4.2.3. Effective Decision Making Skills …………………………………………………………………………………………. 15
4.3. Importance of Life Skills ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 15
4.4. How to Use Social Skills …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 15
4.5. Consequences of Not Applying Life Skills ………………………………………………………………………………….. 16
4.6. Source of Life Skills …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 16
Chapter 5. HUMAN RIGHTS ………………………………………………………………………….. 17

5.1. Definition of Human Rights ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17
5.2. Aspects of Human Rights ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17
5.2.1. Legal Rights ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17
5.2.2. Moral Rights ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 17
5.3. Types of Human Rights……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 17
5.3.1. Civil and Political Rights …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 17
5.3.2. Economic Social and Cultural Rights …………………………………………………………………………………… 18
5.3.3. Environmental and developmental …………………………………………………………………………………….. 18
5.4. Importance Of Human Rights In Our Society ……………………………………………………………………………… 18
5.5. Relationship Between Rights to the Provision of Basic Need ……………………………………………………….. 18
5.6. Promotion of Human Rights In Tanzania …………………………………………………………………………………… 19
5.7. Human Rights Abuse ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19
5.7.1. Example of human rights abuse …………………………………………………………………………………………. 19
5.7.2. Factors Which Cause Human Rights Abuse ………………………………………………………………………….. 19
5.7.3. Effects of human rights abuse ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 20
Chapter 6. RESPONSIBLE CITIZENSHIP ……………………………………………………………. 21
6.1. Definition of key concepts ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21
6.1.1. Citizen …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 21
6.1.2. Citizenship ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21
6.2. Types a citizenship …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21
6.2.1. Citizenship by birth …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 21
6.2.2. Citizenship by descent or kinship ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 21
6.2.3. Citizenship by registration or naturalization ………………………………………………………………………… 21
6.2.4. Citizenship by marriage …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 21
6.3. Importance of Citizenship ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 21
6.4. Responsibilities of Citizens ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 22
6.4.1. Personal responsibilities ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 22
6.4.2. Political duties or responsibilities ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 22
6.4.3. Social responsibilities ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22
6.4.4. Economic responsibilities ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22
6.5. Advantage of fulfill civic responsibilities ……………………………………………………………………………………. 22
6.6. Responsibilities of Citizen to Special Group ……………………………………………………………………………….. 23
6.6.1. Meaning of Special group ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23
6.6.2. Examples of special groups ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23
6.6.3. Responsibilities toward special group …………………………………………………………………………………. 24
Chapter 7. FAMILY LIFE………………………………………………………………………………… 25
7.1. Definition of family …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 25
7.2. Courtship and Marriage ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 25
7.2.1. Importance Of Courtship …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 25
7.2.2. Relationship Between Courtship and Marriage ……………………………………………………………………. 25
7.3. Early or Premature Marriage …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 26
7.3.1. Customs And Belief That Encourage Early Marriage ……………………………………………………………… 26
7.3.2. Problems Associated With Early Marriage …………………………………………………………………………… 26
7.3.3. Prevention Of Early Marriage …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 27
7.4. Foundation Of A Stable Marriage …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 27
7.5. Types Of Families …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 28
7.5.1. Nuclear family………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28
7.5.2. Extended family ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28
7.5.3. Single-parent family …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 28
7.6. The Importance Of Family ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28
7.7. Family Stability ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 28
7.7.1. Factors contribute to family stability ………………………………………………………………………………….. 28
7.7.2. Importance Of Family Stability …………………………………………………………………………………………… 28
7.8. Rights And Responsibilities Of Family Members ………………………………………………………………………… 29
7.8.1. Parents rights…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 29
7.8.2. Children rights …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 29
7.8.3. Family Responsibilities ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 29
7.8.4. Parents responsibilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 29
7.8.5. Children responsibilities in the family …………………………………………………………………………………. 29
7.8.6. Consequences of not carrying out responsibilities ……………………………………………………………….. 30
Chapter 8. ROAD SAFETY ……………………………………………………………………………… 31
8.1. Road …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 31
8.1.1. Road Signs……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 31
8.1.2. Importance of Road signs ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 31
8.2. Road Accident ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 31
8.2.1. Causes of road acidents…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32
8.2.2. Effects of road accidents …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 32
8.2.3. Ways of preventing road accidents …………………………………………………………………………………….. 32
8.2.4. Improvement of road safety ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 32
8.3. Road safety to disabled, children and elders. …………………………………………………………………………….. 33
Chapter 9. WORK ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 35
9.1. Definition of Work ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 35
9.2. Work-Related Activities…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 35
9.3. Importance Of Work ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 35
9.3.1. Work For Self – Development ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 35
9.3.2. Work For National Development ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 36
Chapter 10. PROPER BEHAVIOR AND RESPONSIBLE DECISION MAKING ……………….. 37
10.1. Types of Behaviour ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 37
10.2. Proper Behaviour …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 37
10.2.1. Origin of Proper behaviour ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 37
10.2.2. Element Of Proper Behaviour ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 38
10.2.3. Importance of behaving properly …………………………………………………………………………………….. 38
10.3. Improper Behaviour ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 38
10.3.1. Example of improper behaviour ………………………………………………………………………………………. 38
10.3.2. Consequences of improper behavior ………………………………………………………………………………… 39
10.3.3. Control Of Improper Behaviour ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 39
10.4. Responsible Decision Making …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 40
10.4.1. Meaning of Responsible decision making ………………………………………………………………………….. 40
10.4.2. Importance Of Responsible Decision- Making ……………………………………………………………………. 40